If you have been heating your home using firewood, you probably know that burning damp firewood is never a good idea. But what exactly is moisture content in firewood, and why is it so important?
In this article, we will discuss everything you need to know about moisture content in firewood – from what it is to why it matters and how it can affect the quality of your firewood.
What is Moisture Content in Firewood?
Moisture content in firewood refers to the amount of water that is present in the wood. Freshly cut or “green” wood contains a high amount of moisture, usually ranging from 35% to 60%, depending on the tree species and its age.
As the firewood is stacked and stored, it begins to dry out, and the moisture content decreases. When the moisture content in the wood reaches around 20%, it is considered “seasoned” and ready to burn.
Why is Moisture Content Important in Firewood?
The moisture content in firewood plays a crucial role in its combustion. When firewood burns, it generates heat by releasing the stored energy in the wood. But if the wood contains too much moisture, a significant portion of the heat is wasted trying to evaporate the water instead of warming the room. Wet firewood also produces more smoke, creosote, and other pollutants, leading to poor air quality and increasing the risk of chimney fires.
Firewood with high moisture content can also be challenging to light and keep burning. Such wood tends to smolder, pop, and hiss, rather than producing a steady flame, making it harder to control the fire and generate a consistent level of heat.
How to Determine the Moisture Content in Firewood?
The best way to determine the moisture content in firewood is by using a moisture meter. A moisture meter is a handheld device that measures the amount of water in the wood by sending an electrical current through it.
Moisture meters come in two types: pin-type and pinless. Pin-type moisture meters have two small pins that are inserted into the wood, while pinless moisture meters use electromagnetic signals to scan the wood’s surface. Pin-type moisture meters are more accurate but tend to leave small holes in the wood, while pinless moisture meters are non-destructive but less accurate.
If you don’t have a moisture meter, there are some other signs that can help you determine if your firewood is dry enough to burn. Seasoned wood tends to be lighter in weight, have cracks at the ends, and make a hollow sound when two pieces are knocked together.
How Does Moisture Content Affect the Quality of Firewood?
The moisture content of firewood directly affects its quality and value. Wet wood has a lower heat output and produces more smoke, creosote, and pollutants than seasoned wood. Wet wood also takes longer to ignite and can be challenging to keep burning. It can also cause more damage to your stove or fireplace, as the water can corrode the metal and create dangerous gases.
Seasoned firewood, on the other hand, is more efficient and cleaner-burning, producing more heat with less smoke and creosote. It also ignites quickly, produces a steady flame, and is easier to control.
Concluding Thoughts on What Moisture Content Firewood
In conclusion, moisture content is a crucial factor to consider when using firewood in your home. Burning wet or unseasoned firewood can be inefficient, polluting, and even dangerous in extreme cases. Make sure to check the moisture content of your firewood regularly using a moisture meter or by inspecting its physical properties to ensure that you are using safe, efficient, and high-quality fuel.
FAQs about What Moisture Content Firewood
Q: Can I use freshly cut wood for burning?
A: No, freshly cut or “green” wood contains a lot of moisture and is not suitable for burning. You need to dry it or “season” it first before you can use it as firewood.
Q: How long does it take to season wood?
A: The time it takes to season wood depends on various factors such as the species of the tree, the size of the logs, and the weather conditions. On average, it takes around six to twelve months to season wood properly.
Q: Can I speed up the seasoning process?
A: Yes, you can speed up the seasoning process by splitting the logs into smaller pieces, storing them in a dry, well-ventilated area, and covering them with a tarp to protect them from rain and snow.
Q: Can I burn wood that has been exposed to rain or snow?
A: No, wood that has been exposed to rain or snow can absorb moisture and become wet. Burning wet wood can cause a lot of smoke and pollutants, and even damage your stove or fireplace.
Q: Are hardwoods or softwoods better for burning?
A: Hardwoods, such as oak, maple, and birch, are denser and have a higher heat output than softwoods, such as pine and fir. However, both hardwoods and softwoods can be used for burning as long as they are properly seasoned and have a low moisture content.
